A blocked or muffled ear can be uncomfortable, and earwax build-up is one possible cause. But it is not the only one. This guide explains common signs of earwax build-up, what the NHS says you can do and when to get medical advice.
What does earwax do?
Earwax is normal. It helps protect the ear, and it usually moves out on its own. Sometimes it builds up and blocks the ear canal. The NHS lists hearing loss, earache or a blocked feeling, ringing or buzzing, and vertigo among possible symptoms.
These symptoms do not prove that earwax is the cause. Avoid trying to diagnose a hearing change by turning up a television or using a listening device instead of getting appropriate advice.
What can you do about a blocked ear?
If you think earwax may be causing a blockage, speak to a pharmacist. They can advise you and suggest treatments. The NHS also describes using olive or almond oil drops to soften earwax. Follow the NHS instructions and check whether drops are suitable for you; do not use almond oil if you are allergic to almonds, and do not use drops if you have a perforated eardrum.
Do not put cotton buds, fingers or other objects into your ear to try to remove wax. They can push it further in and make the blockage worse. The NHS also says there is no evidence that ear candles or ear vacuums remove earwax.
When should you contact a GP?
The NHS advises contacting a nurse at your GP surgery if symptoms have not cleared after five days, or if your ear is badly blocked and you cannot hear anything. Not all GP surgeries remove earwax, but they can advise about available options or referrals.
Get urgent GP or NHS 111 advice if your hearing loss came on suddenly, has been getting worse over a few days or weeks, or comes with earache or discharge. These symptoms should not be assumed to be earwax.
Can an amplifier help with a blocked ear?
A sound amplifier makes surrounding sound louder; it does not remove wax or identify why an ear feels blocked. If you are experiencing a new change in hearing, deal with the possible cause first by following NHS or professional advice. Do not keep increasing volume to try to work around a blocked ear.
Frequently asked questions
Is earwax dirty or a sign of poor hygiene?
No. Earwax is a normal part of how the ear protects itself. A build-up can happen for several reasons and does not mean you have failed to clean your ears.
Can I use a cotton bud just at the entrance?
The NHS advises not to use cotton buds or other objects to remove earwax. Ask a pharmacist about suitable options instead.
What if my hearing does not improve after treatment?
Contact a GP if hearing has not returned after treatment for earwax or an ear infection. You may need further assessment.
Information only. This article does not diagnose earwax blockage. Follow current NHS advice and seek medical guidance for hearing changes.
